The 37th chapter of Sutrasthana of Sushruta Samhita is named as Mishraka Adhyaya. This chapter deals with Drugs of Specific actions.
अथातो मिश्रकमध्यायं व्याख्यास्यामः ॥१॥
यथोवाच भगवान् धन्वन्तरिः ॥२॥
We will now expound the Mishraka Adhyaya (miscellaneous chapter dealing with properties of drug groups); as revealed by the venerable Dhanvantari.
Notes:- Vrana sopha means inflammatory swelling or swelling associated with ulcers and wounds. There are eight kinds of treatments for vrana sopha. In this chapter, the drugs which are best suited in the eight kinds of vrana sopha treatment are enumerated.
The eight kinds of vrana sopha treatments are –
– Vimlapana – softening,
– Pacana – ripening,
– Darana – bursting,
– Pidana – squeezing,
– Sodhana – cleansing,
– Ropana – healing,
– Utsadana – promoting muscle growth
– Avasadana – reducing extra growth
Table of Contents
1. Vimlapana lepana: Softening paste
मातुलुङ्ग्चग्रिमन्थौ च भद्र दारु महौषधम् ।
अहिंस्रा चैव रास्ना च प्रलेपो वातशोफजित् ॥३॥
दूर्वा च नलमूलं च मधुकं चन्दनं तथा।
शीतलाश्च गणाः सर्वे प्रलेपः पित्तशोफहृत् ॥४॥
आगन्तुजे रक्तजे च ह्येष एव विधिः स्मृतः ।
विधिर्विषघ्नो विषजे पित्तघ्नोऽपि हितस्तथा॥५॥
अजगन्धाऽश्वगन्धाच काला सरलया सह ।
एकैषिकाऽजशृङ्गी च प्रलेपः श्लेष्मशोफहृत्॥६॥
एते वर्गास्त्रयो लोध्रं पथ्या पिण्डीतकानि च ।
अनन्ता चेति लेपोऽयं सान्निपातिकशोफहृत् ॥७॥
Vata Sopha – Paste of Matulunga, Agnimantha, Bhadradaru, Mahausadha, Ahimsa and Rasna should be applied for curing swelling of vata origin.
Pitta Sopha – Paste of Durva, root of Nala, Madhuka, Candana, and drugs of Sitala gana (drug group of cold properties) should be applied for curing swelling of pitta origin.
Agantuja and Raktaja Sopha – The same paste (explained for pitta sopha) is beneficial for swellings caused by trauma and vitiation of blood.
Visaja Sopha – Paste of anti-poisonous drugs should be applied to cure swelling caused due to the effect of poisons. Alternatively the paste mentioned in the context of pittaja sopha (pastes mitigating pitta) should be used.
Kaphaja Sopha – Paste of Ajagandha, Ashwagandha, Kala (ahimsa), Sarala (Rakta trivrt), Ekaisika (sveta trivrt) and Ajasrangi should be applied to destroy the swelling of kapha origin.
Sannipataja Sopha – Paste of the drugs mentioned in the above said groups in the context of vata, pitta and kapha sopha should be taken together with with Lodhra, Pathya, Pinditaka and Ananta (duralabha) should be applied to cure swelling of sannipata sopha i.e. swelling caused by simultaneous aggravation of all the three doshas.
Nature of the paste meant to be applied in swelling caused by different doshas / causes
स्निग्धाम्ललवणो वाते कोष्णः शीतः, पयोयुतः।
पित्ते, चोष्णः लफे क्षारमूत्राढ्चस्तत्प्रशान्तये॥८॥
Dosha causing swelling | Nature of paste to be applied |
Vataja – of vata origin | Unctuous, sour, salty, warm |
Pittaja – of pitta origin | Cold and mixed with milk |
Kaphaja – of kapha origin | Hot, added with good quantities of alkali or urines |
2. Pacana: Ripening
शणमूलकशिग्रुणां फलानि तिलसर्षापाः ।
सक्तवः किण्वमतसी द्रव्याण्युष्णानि पाचनम् ॥९॥
Below mentioned herbs are Pacana in nature. They bring about ripening of the swelling.
– Fruits of sana, mulaka, sigru, tila and sarsapa
– Corn flour
– Yeast
– Atasi
– Herbs of hot potency
3. Darana: Bursting
चिरबिल्वोऽग्रिको दन्ती चित्रको हयमारकः ।
कपोतकङ्कगृध्राणां पुरीषाणि च दारणम् ।
क्षारद्रव्याणि या यानि क्षारो वा दारणं परम् ॥१०॥
Below mentioned herbs are the best for darana – bursting –
– Chirabilva,
– Agnika
– Danti
– Chitraka
– Haya maraca
– Excreta of pigeon, heron, vulture
– Plants / trees which yield ksaras
– Ksaras
4. Peedana: Squeezing
द्रव्याणां पिच्छिलानां तु त्वङ्मूलानि प्रपीडनम् ।
यवगोधूमाषाणां चूर्णानि च समासतः ॥११॥
Below mentioned are beneficial in Pidana i.e. causing squeezing –
– Barks, roots etc of the herbs which are slimy in nature
– Flour of barley, wheat and black gram
5. Shodhana: Cleansing
शङ्खिन्यङ्कोठसुमनः करविरसुवर्चलाः ।
शिधनानि कषायाणि वर्गश्चारग्वधादिकः ॥१२॥
Decoctions of the below mentioned herbs are used for shodhana – cleansing of wounds –
– Sankhini,
– Ankota,
– Sumana,
– Karavira,
– Suvarcala and
– Aragwadhadi gana group of herbs
अजगन्धाऽजशृङ्गी च गवाक्षी लाङ्गलाह्वया।
पूतीकश्चित्रकः पाठा विडङ्गैलाहरेणवः ॥१३॥
कटुत्रिकं यवक्षारो लवणानि मनःशिला।
कासीसं त्रिवृता दन्ती हरितालं सुराष्ट्रजा॥१४॥
संशोधनीनां वर्तीनां द्रव्याण्येतानि निर्दिशेत् ।
एतैरेवौषधैः कुर्यात्कल्कानपि च शोधनाम् ॥१५॥
Below mentioned are the best herbs used for preparing the wicks used for shodhana – cleansing the wounds –
– Ajagandha,
– Ajasrngi,
– Gavaksi,
– Langala,
– Putika,
– Citraka,
– Patha,
– Vidanga,
– Ela,
– Harenu,
– Katrika,
– Yavaksara,
– Lavanani (all kinds of salts),
– Manassila,
– Kasisa,
– Trivrt,
– Danti,
– Haritala,
– Surastraja (mrt)
The pastes used for cleansing purposes too can be prepared using the same above-mentioned herbs.
अर्कोत्तमां स्नुहीक्षीरं पिष्टवा क्षरोत्तमानि च ।
जातीमूलं हरिद्रे द्वे कासीसं कटुरोहिणीम् ॥१६॥
पूर्वोद्दिष्टानि चान्यानि कुर्यात् संशोधनं घृतम् ।
मयूरको राजवृक्षो निम्बः कोशातकी तिलाः ॥१७॥
बृहती कण्टकारी च हरितालं मनः शिला।
शोधनानि च योज्यानि तैले द्रव्याणि शोधने॥१८॥
कासीसे सैन्धवे किण्वे वचायां रजनीद्वये।
शोधनाङ्गेषु चान्येषु चूर्णं कुर्वित शोधनम् ॥१९॥
सालसारादिसारेषु पटोलत्रिफलासु च ।
रसाक्रिया विधातव्या शोधनी शोधनेषु च ॥।२०॥
Ghee prepared from the below mentioned ingredients is beneficial for use as shodhana i.e. for cleaning –
– Arka,
– Uttama – triphala
– Milky sap of snuhi,
– Best alkali (prepared from muskaka and such other trees)
– Roots of Jati
– Haridra and Daruharidra
– Kasisa,
– Katurohini and
– Paste of Ajagandhadi gana group of herb
Oil prepared with below mentioned herbs shall be used for cleansing –
– Mayuraka
– Rajavrksa
– Nimba
– Kosataki
– Tila
– Brhati
– Kantakari
– Haritala
– Manasshila
– Herbs mentioned in Shodhana Varti
Powder prepared with the below mentioned ingredients should be used for cleansing –
– Kasisa,
– Saindhava,
– Kinva,
– Vacha,
– Yava
– Haridra
– Daruharidra
– Herbs mentioned in other purificatory therapies
Below mentioned herbs are used to prepare Rasakriya – thick decoction which can be used for cleansing purposes –
– Herbs of Salasaradi group of herbs,
– Patola
– Triphala
– Herbs used in purificatory therapies
श्रीवेष्टके सर्जरसे सरेल देवदारुणि ।
सारेष्वपि च किर्वित मतिमान् व्रणधूपनम् ॥२१॥
Below mentioned herbs should be used for fumigating the wounds with the purpose of cleansing them –
- Srivestaka
- Sarjarasa
- Sarala
- Devadaru
- Piths of trees like Sara, Sala etc.
6. Ropana: Healing
कषायाणामनुष्णानां वृक्षाणां त्वक्षु साधितः ।
श्रृतः शीतकषाuuयो वा रोपणार्थं प्रशस्यते ॥२२॥
सोमामृताश्वगन्धासु काकोल्यादौ गणे तथा।
क्षीरिप्ररोहेष्वपि च वर्तयो रोपणाः स्मृताः ॥२३॥
समङ्गा सोमसरला सोमवल्कः सचन्दनः ।
काकेल्यादिश्च कल्कः स्यात् प्रशस्तो व्रणरोपणे॥२४॥
पृथक् पर्ण्यात्मगुप्ता च हरिद्रे मालती सिता।
काकोल्यादिश्च योज्यः स्याद्भिषजा रोपणो धृते॥२५॥
कालानुसार्यागुरुणी हरिद्रे देवदारु च ।
प्रियङ्गवश्च रोध्रं च तैले योज्यानि रोपणे ॥२६॥
Decoction should be prepared with the barks of the trees which are cold in potency. This decoction is the best one for healing purposes. Likewise, hot or cold infusions shall be prepared with the same herbs and used for healing purposes.
Wicks prepared from the paste of the below mentioned herbs shall be used for healing purpose and they are said to be best at it –
– Soma
– Amrta
– Ashwagandha
– Herbs belonging to Kakolyadi group of herbs
– Herbs which yield milky sap
Paste of the below mentioned herbs are the best in healing the wounds,
– Samanga
– Soma
– Sarala
– Somavalka
– Chandana
– Kakolyadi Gana group of herbs
Medicated ghee prepared with the below mentioned herbs shall be used for healing purpose by the physician –
– Prishniparni
– Atmagupta
– Haridra
– Daruharidra
– Malati
– Sita
– Herbs belonging to Kakolyadi Gana group of herbs
Medicated oil prepared with the below mentioned herbs shall be used for healing –
– Kalanusari,
– Aguru,
– Haridra
– Daruharidra
– Priyangu and
– Rodhra
कङ्गुका त्रिफला रोध्रं कासीसं श्ववणाह्वया॥
धवाश्वकर्णयोस्त्वक् च रोपणं चूर्णमिष्यते ॥२७॥
प्रियङ्गुका सर्जरमः पुष्पकासीसमेव च ।
त्वक्चूर्णं धवजं चैव रोपणार्थं प्रशस्यते ॥२८॥
त्वक्षु न्यग्रोधवर्गस्य त्रिफलायास्तथैव च ।
रसक्रियां रोपणार्थे विदधीत यथाक्रमम् ॥१९॥
Powder prepared using the below mentioned herbs shall be used for healing –
– Kanguka,
– Triphala
– Rodhra
– Kasisa
– Sravana
– Bark of Dhava
– Bark of Asvakarna
The powder of the below mentioned herbs is ideal for wound healing purpose –
– Priyanguka
– Sarjarasa
– Pushpa Kasisa
– Bark of Dhava
Rasakriya – thick decoction prepared from the below mentioned herbs can be used for wound healing –
– Barks of herbs of Byagrodadi Gana group of herbs
– Triphala
7. Utsadana: Promoting growth of muscles
अपामार्गेऽश्वगन्धा च तालपत्री सुवर्चला।
उत्सादने प्रशस्यन्ते काकोल्यादिश्च यो गणः ॥३०॥
Pastes of the below mentioned herbs are ideal for promoting growth of muscles (healthy granulation tissues) when applied –
– Apamarga,
– Ashwagandha,
– Talapatri (Musali),
– Suvarcla and
– Kakolyadi Gana group of herbs
8. Avasadana: Removing extra growth
कासीसं सैन्धवं किण्वं कुरुविन्दो मनःशिला।
कुक्कुटाण्डकपालानि सुमनोमुकुलानि च ॥३१॥
फले शैरीषकरञ्जे धातुचूर्णानि यानि च ।
व्रणोषूत्सन्नमांसेषु प्रशस्तान्यवसादने ॥३२॥
Paste of the below mentioned herbs applied on the wound, removes extra growth of muscles –
– Kasisa,
– Saindhava,
– Kinva (yeast),
– Kuruvinda (ruby),
– Manassila,
– Shell of hen’s egg,
– Buds of Sumana,
– Fruits of Sirisa and Karanja,
– Powder of Dhatus (metallic ores such as Haritala, Kasisa etc)
समस्तं वर्गमर्धं वा यथालाभमथापि वा।
प्रयुञ्जीत भिषक् प्राज्ञो यथोद्दिष्टेषु कर्मसु॥३३॥
All the herbs of all the above said groups, or half of them or as many herbs as available for the mentioned purposes shall be used by intelligent physician.
इति श्रीसुश्रुतसंहितायां सूत्रस्थाने मिश्रकाध्यायो नाम सप्तत्रिंशत्तमोऽध्याय ॥३७॥
Thus ends the Thirty seventh chapters by name Mishrakadhyaya in Sutra Sthana or susruta Samhita.