Bisavartma, Vartmarsha Eye Disorder – Definition, Symptoms, Treatment

By Dr Raghuram Y.S. MD (Ay) & Dr Manasa, B.A.M.S
Visavartma / Bisavartma is one of the diseases of the eyelids (netra vartma gata roga).  

Visa / Bisa = lotus, stalk of a lotus, Vartma = eyelids
Visavartma is a condition in which the swelling and multiple orifices which form in the eyelids appear like the stalk of a lotus flower
Read – Eye Diseases Causes, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment, Herbs

Classification

Classification based on the location – Visavartma is a Vartmagata Roga (disease occurring in the eyelids).
Classification based on Predominant Dosha – Visavartma is a Tridoshaja Netra Roga (it is caused by simultaneous vitiation of all the three doshas).
Classification based on Sadhya Asadhyata (prognosis) – Visavartma is a Sadhya roga (curable disease).
Classification based on predominant treatment / surgical process used in combating the disease – Visavartma eye disorder is a Bhedana Sadhya / Bhedya Netra Roga i.e. curable by administration of incision.
Read – Classification of Eye Diseases As Per Ayurveda

Bisavartma pathogenesis

Bisavartma, definition, meaning, pathogenesis
Visavartma is an eye disorder and occurs in the eyelids. It is named on the basis of its resemblance with the perforated stalk of lotus. In this condition a swelling occurs on the eyelid(s) with many small perforations around the swelling, giving it an appearance of the stalk of lotus flower present deep water.

This condition is caused due to the simultaneous vitiation of all three doshas and is said to be curable.
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Explanation of Bisavartma eye disorder by master Satyaki
‘Bisavartma is a disorder of eyelids which looks like a perforated stalk of lotus flower. Lot of flesh and openings of veins can be seen on its surface which gives a perforated look as seen in the stalk of lotus. This condition is caused due to simultaneous vitiation of all the three doshas and is said to be curable with difficulty’.
Read – Utsangini, Vartma Sharkara Eye Disorders – Symptoms, Treatment

Signs and Symptoms of Visavartma eye disorder

• Vartma shunam – swelling in the eyelids
• Bahubhih sukshmaih chidraih samanvitam bisam antarjalam iva – the lids / swelling surrounded by many small perforations resembling a perforated lotus stalk located deep inside the water

Read – Chalazion – Causes, Pathogenesis, Symptoms, Treatment

Modern correlation

There is no disease available in the modern texts with which bisavartma can be closely compared.

Many authors have tried to equate bisavartma to a ‘Xanthelasma type of disorder’. But xanthelasma is yellowish deposit of cholesterol below the skin covering the eyelids. It usually occurs on or around the eyelids.
(Read more)

Treatment of Bisavartm eye disorder
Bisavartma eye disorder is treated by incision method of surgical intervention.

Swedana – initially, the swelling of visavartma should be subjected to sudation.
Bhedana – After providing sudation to the swelling, it is thoroughly incised seeing that the pockets are destroyed in totality. The incision shall be done with sterile sharp instruments.
Avachurnana – after incising the pockets of the swelling, the area should be dusted with the powders of rock salt, long pepper, green vitriol, realgar and pushpanjana i.e. a type of collyrium.
Abhyanga – after dusting the lesion, the region should be gently massage with honey and ghee.
Vrana bandhana – following massage, the lesion should be properly bandaged.
Read – Pothaki, Klishtavartma Eye Disorders – Symptoms, Treatment

Vartmarsha

Vartmarsha Eye Disorder – Definition, Symptoms, Treatment

Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha is a Netra Vartma Gata Roga i.e. one of the diseases of the eyelids. 

1. Vartma = eyelids, Arsha = hemorrhoid like mass
Vartmarsh is a condition in which small sprouts appearing like pile / hemorrhoid masses appear over the eyelids.

2. Shonita = blood
Shonitarsha is a condition in which small sprouts appearing like pile masses caused by contaminated blood occur on the eyelids
Read – Arshovartma, Shushkarsha Eye Disorders – Symptoms, Treatment

Classification
Classification based on the location – Vartmarsha is a Vartmagata Roga (disease occurring in the eyelids).
Classification based on Predominant Dosha – Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha is a Raktaja Netra Roga i.e. it is caused by vitiation of blood.
Classification based on Sadhya Asadhyata (prognosis) – Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha is an Asadhya roga (incurable disease).
Classification based on predominant treatment / surgical process used in combating the disease – Visavartma eye disorder is a Bhedana Sadhya / Bhedya Netra Roga i.e. curable by administration of incision.
Read – Vartmabandha, BahalaVartma Eye Disorders – Symptoms, Treatment

Shonitarsha – Vartmarsha

Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha, definition, meaning, pathogenesis Vartmarsha / shonitarsha is a eye disorder occurring in the eyelids. The disorder is named on the basis of its resemblance with hemorrhoid mass.

In this condition sprouts resembling hemorrhoid mass appear over the eyelids due to vitiated blood. In spite of excising them regularly and repeatedly, they keep forming again and again. When these masses are associated with pitta there will be burning sensation in the eyelids. Similarly itching in the eyelids is present in association of kapha and pain in the lids when vitiated vata is associated. This condition is called vartmarsha. It is also called as shonitarsha since it is caused by vitiated blood.
Read – Disorders Affecting Eye Junctions And Eyelids

This condition is caused due to the vitiation of blood and is said to be incurable due to its tendency to recur repeatedly.

Explanation of Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha eye disorder by master Videha
‘The vitiated vata along with blood rushes into the blood vessels around the eyelids and causes coppery coloured sprouts on the eyelids. This condition is called shonitarsha. It bleeds and is devoid of pain. It is said to be incurable’.
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Signs and Symptoms of Shonitarsha / Vartmarsha eye disorder

• Vartmastha mrudu ankurah – smooth sprouts resembling that of pile / hemorrhoid mass appears on the eyelids
• Chinna china vivardhante – they keep growing again and again even after repeatedly removing them through excision
• Daha – burning sensation in the eyelids (due to pitta involvement)
• Kandu – itching in the eyelids (due to kapha involvement)
• Ruja – pain in the eyelids (due to vata involvement)
• Nirujam – devoid of pain (Videha)
• Shonita sravi – the sprouts bleed (Videha)
  Read – Vartmakardama, Shyavavartma Eye Disorders – Symptoms, Treatment

Modern correlation
Vartmarsha / Shonitarsha can be compared to ‘warts around the eye’ explained in the modern texts. Warts tend to form around your eyelids and lips; they are also called as facial warts.
Filiform warts are caused by HPV (Human Papilloma Virus). This condition is contagious.
Read – Ayurveda Eye Treatment Types, Methods – Ashtanga Hrudaya Sutrasthana 23

Treatment of Shonitarsha / Vartmarsha eye disorder
As already said, Shonitarsha / Vartmarsha is an incurable disease afflicting the eyelids. Therefore any medication or surgical intervention has not been elaborated for treating this condition in Ayurvedic treatises.
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